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Tracks are further divided into sectors, and algorithms handle data processing. They’re also equipped with an I/O controller and firmware that facilitates communication with the rest of the computer.Įach of the magnetic platters is comprised of concentric circles called tracks. HDDs contain an actuator arm fitted with a read-write head, one or more magnetic platters and a motor. Over the decades, however, they’ve hued to Moore’s law.

In those early years, when computers were the size of large lockers, HDDs were gigantic. A near instant success, hard disk drives quickly became the preferred method for digital storage. International Business Machines (IBM) invented HDD technology back in the 1950s. HDDs use magnetic storage technology in conjunction with rotating platters and an actuator arm to write new data and retrieve stored information. However, unlike RAM, data written onto a solid-state drive remains even in the event of a power loss. The actual SSD technology is similar to RAM. SSDs do not require revolving disks or actuator arms to initiate a process. Pages are further configured into “blocks,” which represent groups of information. Grids are divided into sections called “pages” where data is written and stored. Solid-state drives are comprised of semiconductor flash chips arranged in an integrated circuit grid. Solid-state drives are called such because they don’t have any moving parts, making them more reliable than their HDD counterparts. Today, some SSDs achieve speeds of 3500 megabytes per second. was offering DRAM-based products marketed as “RAMDisk.” The first laptop to incorporate SSD technology was IBM’s ThinkPad in 1991, which included a 20 megabyte SSD developed by SunDisk Corporation. In time, engineers switched to a dynamic random-access memory protocol, and by the late 1980s Zitel Inc. A technological marvel of its time, the STC 4305 was seven times faster than HDDs and cost half the price. Manufactured by StorageTek, the STC 4305 hit the scene in 1978 and is considered the first SSD. Instead, solid-state devices rely on integrated circuit memory technology. Some people use the term solid-state disk, but that’s a bit of a misnomer since SSDs don’t use disks.